Initial revision

CHANGES

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+0.6:
+  changed name to libowfat
+
+0.5:
+  made subdirectories for the different libraries.
+  moved the sources into the corresponding subdirectory.
+  imported my man pages from libdjb.
+  removed fmt_int.c and fmt_uint.c (they are macros in fmt.h).
+  corrected comment in open.h for open_excl.
+  wrote new man pages for fmt_double, scan_double, the sign fmt_ and
+    scan_ routines, the whitespace and charset scan_ routines, and the
+    str and stralloc routines.
+
+0.4:
+  implemented stralloc.
+
+0.3:
+  implemented uint16, uint32 and uint64.  The header files try to
+    define shortcut endianness conversion routines that do not convert
+    anything.
+  implemented open (I hope I got open_excl right, I couldn't find an
+    implementationen).
+
+0.2:
+  implemented the scan, fmt and str interfaces.
+  added adapted fmt_double and scan_double from diet libc.
+
+0.1:
+  initial release.
+  implemented the byte interface.

COPYING

@@ -0,0 +1,339 @@
+		    GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+		       Version 2, June 1991
+
+ Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+                          675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
+ Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
+ of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
+
+			    Preamble
+
+  The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
+freedom to share and change it.  By contrast, the GNU General Public
+License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
+software--to make sure the software is free for all its users.  This
+General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
+Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
+using it.  (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
+the GNU Library General Public License instead.)  You can apply it to
+your programs, too.
+
+  When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
+price.  Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
+have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
+this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
+if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
+in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
+
+  To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
+anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
+These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
+distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
+
+  For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
+gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
+you have.  You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
+source code.  And you must show them these terms so they know their
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+
+  We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
+(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
+distribute and/or modify the software.
+
+  Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
+that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
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+
+  Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
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+
+  The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
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+
+		    GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+   TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
+
+  0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains
+a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
+under the terms of this General Public License.  The "Program", below,
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+language.  (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
+the term "modification".)  Each licensee is addressed as "you".
+
+Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
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+running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
+is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
+Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).
+Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
+
+  1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
+source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
+conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
+copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
+notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
+and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
+along with the Program.
+
+You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
+you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
+
+  2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
+of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
+distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
+above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
+
+    a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
+    stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
+
+    b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
+    whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
+    part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
+    parties under the terms of this License.
+
+    c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
+    when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
+    interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
+    announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
+    notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
+    a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under
+    these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
+    License.  (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but
+    does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on
+    the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
+
+These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole.  If
+identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
+and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
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+Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
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+In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
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+
+  3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
+under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
+Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:
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+    a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
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+    allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
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+The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
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+If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
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+distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
+compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
+
+  4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
+except as expressly provided under this License.  Any attempt
+otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
+void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
+However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
+this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
+parties remain in full compliance.
+
+  5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
+signed it.  However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
+distribute the Program or its derivative works.  These actions are
+prohibited by law if you do not accept this License.  Therefore, by
+modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the
+Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
+all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
+the Program or works based on it.
+
+  6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
+Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
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+these terms and conditions.  You may not impose any further
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+
+  7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
+infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
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+may not distribute the Program at all.  For example, if a patent
+license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
+all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
+the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
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+
+If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
+any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
+apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
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+
+It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
+patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
+such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
+integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
+implemented by public license practices.  Many people have made
+generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
+through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
+system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
+to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
+impose that choice.
+
+This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
+be a consequence of the rest of this License.
+
+  8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
+certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
+original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
+may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
+those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
+countries not thus excluded.  In such case, this License incorporates
+the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
+
+  9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
+of the General Public License from time to time.  Such new versions will
+be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
+address new problems or concerns.
+
+Each version is given a distinguishing version number.  If the Program
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+later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions
+either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
+Software Foundation.  If the Program does not specify a version number of
+this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
+Foundation.
+
+  10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
+programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author
+to ask for permission.  For software which is copyrighted by the Free
+Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
+make exceptions for this.  Our decision will be guided by the two goals
+of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
+of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
+
+			    NO WARRANTY
+
+  11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
+FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW.  EXCEPT WHEN
+OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
+PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
+OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
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+TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU.  SHOULD THE
+PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
+REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
+
+  12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
+WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
+REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
+INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
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+TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
+YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
+PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
+POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
+
+		     END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
+	Appendix: How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
+
+  If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
+possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
+free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
+
+  To do so, attach the following notices to the program.  It is safest
+to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
+convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
+the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
+
+    <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
+    Copyright (C) 19yy  <name of author>
+
+    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
+
+Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
+
+If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
+when it starts in an interactive mode:
+
+    Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19yy name of author
+    Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
+    This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
+    under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
+
+The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
+parts of the General Public License.  Of course, the commands you use may
+be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be
+mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.
+
+You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
+school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if
+necessary.  Here is a sample; alter the names:
+
+  Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
+  `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
+
+  <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989
+  Ty Coon, President of Vice
+
+This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
+proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine library, you may
+consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
+library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General
+Public License instead of this License.

Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+all: t byte.a fmt.a scan.a str.a uint.a open.a stralloc.a unix.a socket.a
+
+VPATH=str:byte:fmt:scan:uint:open:stralloc:unix:socket
+
+CC=egcc
+#CFLAGS=-I. -pipe -Wall -Os -march=pentiumpro -fomit-frame-pointer -fschedule-insns2 -Wall
+CFLAGS=-I. -I../dietlibc/include -pipe -Wall -g #-Os -march=athlon -mcpu=athlon -fomit-frame-pointer -fschedule-insns2
+#CFLAGS=-I../dietlibc/include -I. -pipe -Wall -Os -march=pentiumpro -mcpu=athlon -fomit-frame-pointer -fschedule-insns2 -Wall
+#CFLAGS=-I../dietlibc/include -pipe -Os -march=pentiumpro -mcpu=pentiumpro -fomit-frame-pointer -fschedule-insns2 -Wall
+
+BYTE_OBJS=$(patsubst byte/%.c,%.o,$(wildcard byte/*.c))
+FMT_OBJS=$(patsubst fmt/%.c,%.o,$(wildcard fmt/*.c))
+SCAN_OBJS=$(patsubst scan/%.c,%.o,$(wildcard scan/*.c))
+STR_OBJS=$(patsubst str/%.c,%.o,$(wildcard str/*.c))
+UINT_OBJS=$(patsubst uint/%.c,%.o,$(wildcard uint/*.c))
+OPEN_OBJS=$(patsubst open/%.c,%.o,$(wildcard open/*.c))
+STRA_OBJS=$(patsubst stralloc/%.c,%.o,$(wildcard stralloc/*.c))
+UNIX_OBJS=$(patsubst unix/%.c,%.o,$(wildcard unix/*.c))
+SOCKET_OBJS=$(patsubst socket/%.c,%.o,$(wildcard socket/*.c))
+
+$(BYTE_OBJS): byte.h
+$(FMT_OBJS): fmt.h
+$(SCAN_OBJS): scan.h
+$(STR_OBJS): str.h
+$(UINT_OBJS): uint16.h uint32.h
+$(STRA_OBJS): stralloc.h
+$(SOCKET_OBJS): socket.h
+
+byte.a: $(BYTE_OBJS)
+fmt.a: $(FMT_OBJS)
+scan.a: $(SCAN_OBJS)
+str.a: $(STR_OBJS)
+uint.a: $(UINT_OBJS)
+open.a: $(OPEN_OBJS)
+stralloc.a: $(STRA_OBJS)
+unix.a: $(UNIX_OBJS)
+socket.a: $(SOCKET_OBJS)
+
+%.a:
+	ar cr $@ $^
+
+t: t.o socket.a stralloc.a str.a fmt.a scan.a str.a uint.a open.a byte.a
+	gcc -g -o $@ $^
+
+.PHONY: clean tar
+clean:
+	rm -f *.o *.a core t
+
+tar:
+	cd .. && tar cIf libowfat.tar.bz2 libowfat

byte.h

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#ifndef BYTE_H
+#define BYTE_H
+
+#include <sys/cdefs.h>
+
+#ifndef __pure__
+#define __pure__
+#endif
+#ifndef __THROW
+#define __THROW
+#endif
+
+/* byte_chr returns the smallest integer i between 0 and len-1
+ * inclusive such that one[i] equals needle, or len it not found. */
+unsigned int byte_chr(const void* haystack, unsigned int len, char needle) __THROW __pure__;
+
+/* byte_rchr returns the largest integer i between 0 and len-1 inclusive
+ * such that one[i] equals needle, or len if not found. */
+unsigned int byte_rchr(const void* haystack,unsigned int len,char needle) __THROW __pure__;
+
+/* byte_copy copies in[0] to out[0], in[1] to out[1], ... and in[len-1]
+ * to out[len-1]. */
+void byte_copy(void* out, unsigned int len, const void* in) __THROW;
+
+/* byte_copyr copies in[len-1] to out[len-1], in[len-2] to out[len-2],
+ * ... and in[0] to out[0] */
+void byte_copyr(void* out, unsigned int len, const void* in) __THROW;
+
+/* byte_diff returns negative, 0, or positive, depending on whether the
+ * string a[0], a[1], ..., a[len-1] is lexicographically smaller
+ * than, equal to, or greater than the string b[0], b[1], ...,
+ * b[len-1]. When the strings are different, byte_diff does not read
+ * bytes past the first difference. */
+int byte_diff(const void* a, unsigned int len, const void* b) __THROW __pure__;
+
+/* byte_zero sets the bytes out[0], out[1], ..., out[len-1] to 0 */
+void byte_zero(void* out, unsigned len) __THROW;
+
+#define byte_equal(s,n,t) (!byte_diff((s),(n),(t)))
+
+#endif

byte/byte_chr.3

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+.TH byte_chr 3
+.SH NAME
+byte_chr \- search for a byte in a string
+.SH SYNTAX
+.B #include <byte.h>
+
+int \fBbyte_chr\fP(const char *\fIhaystack\fR,unsigned int \fIlen\fR,char \fIneedle\fR);
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+\fIbyte_chr\fR returns the smallest integer \fIi\fR between 0 and
+\fIlen\fR-1 inclusive such that \fIone\fR[\fIi\fR] equals \fIneedle\fR.
+
+If no such integer exists, byte_chr returns \fIlen\fR.
+
+byte_chr may read all bytes \fIone\fR[0], \fIone\fR[1], ...,
+\fIone\fR[\fIlen\fR-1], even if not all the bytes are relevant to the
+answer.
+
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+byte_rchr(3)

byte/byte_chr.c

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#include "byte.h"
+
+/* byte_chr returns the smallest integer i between 0 and len-1
+ * inclusive such that one[i] equals needle, or len it not found. */
+unsigned int byte_chr(const void* haystack, unsigned int len, char needle) {
+  register char c=needle;
+  register const char* s=haystack;
+  register const char* t=s+len;
+  for (;;) {
+    if (s==t) break; if (*s==c) break; ++s;
+    if (s==t) break; if (*s==c) break; ++s;
+    if (s==t) break; if (*s==c) break; ++s;
+    if (s==t) break; if (*s==c) break; ++s;
+  }
+  return s-(const char*)haystack;
+}

byte/byte_copy.3

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+.TH byte_copy 3
+.SH NAME
+byte_copy \- copy a string
+.SH SYNTAX
+.B #include <byte.h>
+
+void \fBbyte_copy\fP(char *\fIout\fR,unsigned int \fIlen\fR,const char *\fIin\fR);
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+\fIbyte_copy\fR copies \fIin\fR[0] to \fIout\fR[0], \fIin\fR[1] to
+\fIout\fR[1], etc., and finally \fIin\fR[\fIlen\fR-1] to
+\fIout\fR[\fIlen\fR-1].
+
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+byte_copyr(3)

byte/byte_copy.c

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#include "byte.h"
+
+/* byte_copy copies in[0] to out[0], in[1] to out[1], ... and in[len-1]
+ * to out[len-1]. */
+void byte_copy(void* out, unsigned int len, const void* in) {
+  register char* s=out;
+  register const char* t=in;
+  register const char* u=in+len;
+  for (;;) {
+    if (t==u) break; *s=*t; ++s; ++t;
+    if (t==u) break; *s=*t; ++s; ++t;
+    if (t==u) break; *s=*t; ++s; ++t;
+    if (t==u) break; *s=*t; ++s; ++t;
+  }
+}

byte/byte_copyr.3

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+.TH byte_copyr 3
+.SH NAME
+byte_copyr \- copy a string
+.SH SYNTAX
+.B #include <byte.h>
+
+void \fBbyte_copyr\fP(char *\fIout\fR,unsigned int \fIlen\fR,const char *\fIin\fR);
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+\fIbyte_copyr\fR copies \fIin\fR[\fIlen\fR-1] to \fIout\fR[\fIlen\fR-1], 
+\fIin\fR[\fIlen\fR-2] to \fIout\fR[\fIlen\fR-2], etc., and
+\fIin\fR[0] to \fIout\fR[0].
+
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+byte_copy(3)

byte/byte_copyr.c

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#include "byte.h"
+
+/* byte_copyr copies in[len-1] to out[len-1], in[len-2] to out[len-2],
+ * ... and in[0] to out[0] */
+void byte_copyr(void* out, unsigned int len, const void* in) {
+  register char* s=out+len;
+  register const char* t=in;
+  register const char* u=t+len;
+  for (;;) {
+    if (t>=u) break; --u; --s; *s=*u;
+    if (t>=u) break; --u; --s; *s=*u;
+    if (t>=u) break; --u; --s; *s=*u;
+    if (t>=u) break; --u; --s; *s=*u;
+  }
+}

byte/byte_diff.3

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+.TH byte_diff 3
+.SH NAME
+byte_diff \- compare two strings
+.SH SYNTAX
+.B #include <byte.h>
+
+int \fBbyte_diff\fP(const char *\fIone\fR,unsigned int \fIlen\fR,const char *\fItwo\fR);
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+\fIbyte_diff\fR returns negative, 0, or positive, depending on whether
+the string \fIone\fR[0], \fIone\fR[1], ..., \fIone\fR[\fIlen\fR-1] is
+lexicographically smaller than, equal to, or greater than the string
+\fIone\fR[0], \fIone\fR[1], ..., \fIone\fR[\fIlen\fR-1].
+
+When the strings are different, byte_diff does not read bytes past the
+first difference.
+
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+byte_equal(3)

byte/byte_diff.c

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#include "byte.h"
+
+/* byte_diff returns negative, 0, or positive, depending on whether the
+ * string one[0], one[1], ..., one[len-1] is lexicographically smaller
+ * than, equal to, or greater than the string one[0], one[1], ...,
+ * one[len-1]. When the strings are different, byte_diff does not read
+ * bytes past the first difference. */
+int byte_diff(const void* a, unsigned int len, const void* b) {
+  register const char* s=a;
+  register const char* t=b;
+  register const char* u=b+len;
+  register int j;
+  j=0;
+  for (;;) {
+    if (t==u) break; if ((j=(*s-*t))) break; ++s; ++t;
+    if (t==u) break; if ((j=(*s-*t))) break; ++s; ++t;
+    if (t==u) break; if ((j=(*s-*t))) break; ++s; ++t;
+    if (t==u) break; if ((j=(*s-*t))) break; ++s; ++t;
+  }
+  return j;
+}

byte/byte_equal.3

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+.TH byte_equal 3
+.SH NAME
+byte_equal \- compare two strings
+.SH SYNTAX
+.B #include <byte.h>
+
+int \fBbyte_equal\fP(const char *\fIone\fR,unsigned int \fIlen\fR,const char *\fItwo\fR);
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+\fIbyte_equal\fR returns 1 if the strings are equal, 0 otherwise.
+
+When the strings are different, byte_equal does not read bytes past the
+first difference.
+
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+byte_diff(3)

byte/byte_rchr.3

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+.TH byte_rchr 3
+.SH NAME
+byte_rchr \- search for a byte in a string
+.SH SYNTAX
+.B #include <byte.h>
+
+int \fBbyte_rchr\fP(const char *\fIhaystack\fR,unsigned int \fIlen\fR,char \fIneedle\fR);
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+\fIbyte_chr\fR returns the largest integer \fIi\fR between 0 and
+\fIlen\fR-1 inclusive such that \fIone\fR[\fIi\fR] equals \fIneedle\fR.
+
+If no such integer exists, byte_chr returns \fIlen\fR.
+
+byte_rchr may read all bytes \fIone\fR[0], \fIone\fR[1], ...,
+\fIone\fR[\fIlen\fR-1], even if not all the bytes are relevant to the
+answer.
+
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+byte_chr(3)

byte/byte_rchr.c

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#include "byte.h"
+
+/* byte_rchr returns the largest integer i between 0 and len-1 inclusive
+ * such that one[i] equals needle, or len if not found. */
+unsigned int byte_rchr(const void* haystack,unsigned int len,char needle) {
+  register char c=needle;
+  register const char* s=haystack;
+  register const char* t=s+len;
+  for (;;) {
+    --t; if (s<=t) break; if (*t==c) break;
+    --t; if (s<=t) break; if (*t==c) break;
+    --t; if (s<=t) break; if (*t==c) break;
+    --t; if (s<=t) break; if (*t==c) break;
+  }
+  return t-s;
+}

byte/byte_zero.3

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+.TH byte_zero 3
+.SH NAME
+byte_zero \- initialize a string
+.SH SYNTAX
+.B #include <byte.h>
+
+void \fBbyte_zero\fP(char *\fIout\fR,unsigned int \fIlen\fR);
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+\fIbyte_zero\fR sets \fIout\fR[0], \fIout\fR[1], ...,
+\fIout\fR[\fIlen\fR-1] to 0.
+
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+byte_copy(3), byte_copyr(3)

byte/byte_zero.c

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#include "byte.h"
+
+/* byte_zero sets the bytes out[0], out[1], ..., out[len-1] to 0 */
+void byte_zero(void* out, unsigned len) {
+  register char* s=out;
+  register const char* t=s+len;
+  for (;;) {
+    if (s==t) break; *s=0; ++s;
+    if (s==t) break; *s=0; ++s;
+    if (s==t) break; *s=0; ++s;
+    if (s==t) break; *s=0; ++s;
+  }
+}

fmt.h

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#ifndef FMT_H
+#define FMT_H
+
+#include "str.h"
+
+#define FMT_ULONG 40 /* enough space to hold 2^128 - 1 in decimal, plus \0 */
+#define FMT_8LONG 44 /* enough space to hold 2^128 - 1 in octal, plus \0 */
+#define FMT_XLONG 33 /* enough space to hold 2^128 - 1 in hexadecimal, plus \0 */
+#define FMT_LEN ((char *) 0) /* convenient abbreviation */
+
+/* The formatting routines do not append \0!
+ * Use them like this: buf[fmt_ulong(buf,number)]=0; */
+
+/* convert signed src integer -23 to ASCII '-','2','3', return length.
+ * If dest is not NULL, write result to dest */
+unsigned int fmt_long(char *dest,signed long src) __THROW;
+
+/* convert unsigned src integer 23 to ASCII '2','3', return length.
+ * If dest is not NULL, write result to dest */
+unsigned int fmt_ulong(char *dest,unsigned long src) __THROW;
+
+/* convert unsigned src integer 0x23 to ASCII '2','3', return length.
+ * If dest is not NULL, write result to dest */
+unsigned int fmt_xlong(char *dest,unsigned long src) __THROW;
+
+/* convert unsigned src integer 023 to ASCII '2','3', return length.
+ * If dest is not NULL, write result to dest */
+unsigned int fmt_8long(char *dest,unsigned long src) __THROW;
+
+#define fmt_uint(dest,src) fmt_ulong(dest,src)
+#define fmt_int(dest,src) fmt_long(dest,src)
+#define fmt_xint(dest,src) fmt_xlong(dest,src)
+#define fmt_8int(dest,src) fmt_8long(dest,src)
+
+/* Like fmt_ulong, but prepend '0' while length is smaller than padto.
+ * Does not truncate! */
+unsigned int fmt_ulong0(char *,unsigned long src,unsigned int padto) __THROW;
+
+#define fmt_uint0(buf,src,padto) fmt_ulong0(buf,src,padto)
+
+/* convert src double 1.7 to ASCII '1','.','7', return length.
+ * If dest is not NULL, write result to dest */
+unsigned int fmt_double(char *dest, double d,int max,int prec) __THROW;
+
+/* if src is negative, write '-' and return 1.
+ * if src is positive, write '+' and return 1.
+ * otherwise return 0 */
+unsigned int fmt_plusminus(char *dest,int src) __THROW;
+
+/* if src is negative, write '-' and return 1.
+ * otherwise return 0. */
+unsigned int fmt_minus(char *dest,int src) __THROW;
+
+/* copy str to dest until \0 byte, return number of copied bytes. */
+unsigned int fmt_str(char *dest,const char *src) __THROW;
+
+/* copy str to dest until \0 byte or limit bytes copied.
+ * return number of copied bytes. */
+unsigned int fmt_strn(char *dest,const char *src,unsigned int limit) __THROW;
+
+#endif

fmt/fmt_8long.3

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+.TH fmt_8long 3
+.SH NAME
+fmt_8long \- write an octal ASCII representation of an unsigned long integer
+.SH SYNTAX
+.B #include <fmt.h>
+
+unsigned int \fBfmt_8long\fP(char *\fIdest\fR,unsigned long \fIsource\fR);
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+fmt_8long writes an ASCII representation ('0' to '7', base 8) of
+\fIsource\fR to \fIdest\fR and returns the number of bytes written.
+
+fmt_8long does not append \\0.
+
+If \fIdest\fR equals FMT_LEN (i.e. is zero), fmt_8long returns the
+number of bytes it would have written.
+
+For convenience, fmt.h defines the integer FMT_8LONG to be big enough to
+contain every possible fmt_8long output plus \\0.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+scan_8long(3)

fmt/fmt_8long.c

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#include "fmt.h"
+
+unsigned int fmt_8long(char *dest,unsigned long i) {
+  register unsigned long len,tmp;
+  /* first count the number of bytes needed */
+  for (len=1, tmp=i; tmp>7; ++len) tmp/=8;
+  if (dest)
+    for (tmp=i, dest+=len; tmp; tmp/=8)
+      *--dest = (tmp&7)+'0';
+  return len;
+}

fmt/fmt_double.3

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+.TH fmt_double 3
+.SH NAME
+fmt_double \- write an ASCII representation of a double
+.SH SYNTAX
+.B #include <fmt.h>
+
+unsigned int \fBfmt_double\fP(char *\fIdest\fR,double \fId\fR,int
+\fImaxlen\fR,int \fIprec\fR);
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+fmt_double writes an ASCII representation ('0' to '9', base 10) of
+\fId\fR to \fIdest\fR and returns the number of bytes written.  No more
+than \fImaxlen\fR bytes will be written.  \fIprec\fR digits will be
+written, using scientific notation if necessary.
+
+fmt_double does not append \\0.
+
+If \fIdest\fR equals FMT_LEN (i.e. is zero), fmt_double returns the
+number of bytes it would have written.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+scan_double(3)

fmt/fmt_double.c

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+#include "fmt.h"
+
+unsigned int fmt_double(char *dest, double d,int maxlen,int prec) {
+  unsigned long long *x=(unsigned long long *)&d;
+  /* step 1: extract sign, mantissa and exponent */
+  signed int s=*x>>63;
+  signed long e=((*x>>52)&((1<<11)-1))-1023;
+/*  unsigned long long m=*x & ((1ull<<52)-1); */
+  /* step 2: exponent is base 2, compute exponent for base 10 */
+  signed long e10=1+(long)(e*0.30102999566398119802); /* log10(2) */
+  /* step 3: calculate 10^e10 */
+  int i;
+  double tmp=10.0;
+  char *oldbuf=dest;
+  int initial=1;
+  int writeok=(dest!=0);
+
+  if (s) { d=-d; if (writeok) *dest='-'; --maxlen; dest++; }
+  if ((i=e10)>=0) {
+    while (i>10) { tmp=tmp*1e10; i-=10; }
+    while (i>1) { tmp=tmp*10; --i; }
+  } else {
+    i=(e10=-e10);
+    while (i>10) { tmp=tmp*1e-10; i-=10; }
+    while (i>1) { tmp=tmp/10; --i; }
+  }
+  while (d/tmp<1) {
+    --e10;
+    tmp/=10.0;
+  }
+  /* step 4: see if precision is sufficient to display all digits */
+  if (e10>prec) {
+    /* use scientific notation */
+    int len=fmt_double(writeok?dest:0,d/tmp,maxlen,prec);
+    if (len==0) return 0;
+    maxlen-=len; dest+=len;
+    if (--maxlen>=0) {
+      if (writeok) *dest='e';
+      ++dest;
+    }
+    for (len=1000; len>0; len/=10) {
+      if (e10>=len || !initial) {
+	if (--maxlen>=0) {
+	  if (writeok) *dest=(e10/len)+'0';
+	  ++dest;
+	}
+	initial=0;
+	e10=e10%len;
+      }
+    }
+    if (maxlen>=0) return dest-oldbuf;
+    return 0;
+  }
+  /* step 5: loop through the digits, inserting the decimal point when
+   * appropriate */
+  for (; prec>0; ) {
+    double tmp2=d/tmp;
+    char c;
+    d-=((int)tmp2*tmp);
+    c=((int)tmp2);
+    if ((!initial)||c) {
+      if (--maxlen>=0) {
+	initial=0;
+	if (writeok) *dest=c+'0';
+	++dest;
+      } else
+	return 0;
+      --prec;
+    }
+    if (tmp>0.5 && tmp<1.5) {
+      tmp=1e-1;
+      initial=0;
+      if (--maxlen>=0) {
+	if (writeok) *dest='.';
+	++dest;
+      } else
+	return 0;
+    } else
+      tmp/=10.0;
+  }
+  return dest-oldbuf;
+}

fmt/fmt_long.3

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+.TH fmt_long 3
+.SH NAME
+fmt_long \- write an ASCII representation of a long integer
+.SH SYNTAX
+.B #include <fmt.h>
+
+unsigned int \fBfmt_long\fP(char *\fIdest\fR,unsigned int \fIsource\fR);
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+fmt_long writes an ASCII representation ('-' and '0' to '9', base 10) of
+\fIsource\fR to \fIdest\fR and returns the number of bytes written.
+
+fmt_long does not append \\0.
+
+If \fIdest\fR equals FMT_LEN (i.e. is zero), fmt_long returns the number
+of bytes it would have written.
+
+For convenience, fmt.h defines the integer FMT_ULONG to be big enough to
+contain every possible fmt_ulong output plus \\0.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+scan_long(3)

fmt/fmt_long.c

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#include "fmt.h"
+
+unsigned int fmt_long(char *dest,long int i) {
+  if (i<0) {
+    if (dest) *dest='-';
+    return fmt_ulong(dest+1,-i);
+  } else
+    return fmt_ulong(dest,i);
+}

fmt/fmt_minus.3

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+.TH fmt_minus 3
+.SH NAME
+fmt_minus \- write '-' for negative integers
+.SH SYNTAX
+.B #include <fmt.h>
+
+unsigned int \fBfmt_minus\fP(char *\fIdest\fR,signed int \fIsource\fR);
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+fmt_minus writes '-' if \fIsource\fR is negative, nothing otherwise.  It
+returns the number of bytes written.
+
+fmt_minus does not append \\0.
+
+If \fIdest\fR equals FMT_LEN (i.e. is zero), fmt_minus returns the number
+of bytes it would have written.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+fmt_plusminus(3), scan_plusminus(3)

fmt/fmt_minus.c

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#include "fmt.h"
+
+unsigned int fmt_minus(char *dest,int i) {
+  if (i<0) {
+    if (dest) *dest='-';
+    return 1;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}

fmt/fmt_plusminus.3

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+.TH fmt_plusminus 3
+.SH NAME
+fmt_plusminus \- write '+' or '-'
+.SH SYNTAX
+.B #include <fmt.h>
+
+unsigned int \fBfmt_plusminus\fP(char *\fIdest\fR,signed int \fIsource\fR);
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+fmt_plusminus writes '-' to \fIdest\fR if \fIsource\fR is negative, '+'
+if \fIsource\fR is positive, nothing otherwise.  It returns the number
+of bytes written.
+
+fmt_plusminus does not append \\0.
+
+If \fIdest\fR equals FMT_LEN (i.e. is zero), fmt_plusminus returns the number
+of bytes it would have written.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+fmt_minus(3), scan_plusminus(3)

fmt/fmt_plusminus.c

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#include "fmt.h"
+
+unsigned int fmt_plusminus(char *dest,int i) {
+  if (i) {
+    if (dest) *dest=(i>=0?'+':'-');
+    return 1;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}

fmt/fmt_str.3

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+.TH fmt_str 3
+.SH NAME
+fmt_str \- write an ASCII string
+.SH SYNTAX
+.B #include <fmt.h>
+
+unsigned int \fBfmt_str\fP(char *\fIdest\fR,const char *\fIsource\fR);
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+fmt_str copies all leading nonzero bytes from \fIsource\fR to \fIdest\fR
+and returns the number of bytes it copied.
+
+fmt_str does not append \\0.
+
+If \fIdest\fR equals FMT_LEN (i.e. is zero), fmt_str returns the number
+of bytes it would have written, i.e. the number of leading nonzero bytes
+of \fIsource\fR.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+strcpy(3)

fmt/fmt_str.c

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#include "fmt.h"
+
+unsigned int fmt_str(char *out,const char *in) {
+  register char* s=out;
+  register const char* t=in;
+  for (;;) {
+    if (!*t) break; *s=*t; ++s; ++t;
+    if (!*t) break; *s=*t; ++s; ++t;
+    if (!*t) break; *s=*t; ++s; ++t;
+    if (!*t) break; *s=*t; ++s; ++t;
+  }
+  return s-out;
+}

fmt/fmt_strn.3

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+.TH fmt_strn 3
+.SH NAME
+fmt_str \- write an ASCII string
+.SH SYNTAX
+.B #include <fmt.h>
+
+unsigned int \fBfmt_strn\fP(char *\fIdest\fR,const char *\fIsource\fR,unsigned int maxlen);
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+fmt_str copies at most \fImaxlen\fR leading nonzero bytes from
+\fIsource\fR to \fIdest\fR and returns the number of bytes it copied.
+
+fmt_str does not append \\0.
+
+If \fIdest\fR equals FMT_LEN (i.e. is zero), fmt_strn returns the number
+of bytes it would have written.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+strncpy(3)

fmt/fmt_strn.c

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#include "fmt.h"
+
+unsigned int fmt_strn(char *out,const char *in,unsigned int limit) {
+  register char* s=out;
+  register const char* t=in;
+  register const char* u=out+limit;
+  for (;;) {
+    if (!*t) break; *s=*t; if (s==u) break; ++s; ++t;
+    if (!*t) break; *s=*t; if (s==u) break; ++s; ++t;
+    if (!*t) break; *s=*t; if (s==u) break; ++s; ++t;
+    if (!*t) break; *s=*t; if (s==u) break; ++s; ++t;
+  }
+  return s-out;
+}

fmt/fmt_uint.3

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+.TH fmt_uint 3
+.SH NAME
+fmt_uint \- write an ASCII representation of an unsigned integer
+.SH SYNTAX
+.B #include <fmt.h>
+
+unsigned int \fBfmt_uint\fP(char *\fIdest\fR,unsigned int \fIsource\fR);
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+fmt_uint writes an ASCII representation ('0' to '9', base 10) of
+\fIsource\fR to \fIdest\fR and returns the number of bytes written.
+
+fmt_uint does not append \\0.
+
+If \fIdest\fR equals FMT_LEN (i.e. is zero), fmt_uint returns the number
+of bytes it would have written.
+
+For convenience, fmt.h defines the integer FMT_ULONG to be big enough to
+contain every possible fmt_uint output plus \\0.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+scan_uint(3), fmt_uint0(3)

fmt/fmt_uint0.3

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+.TH fmt_uint0 3
+.SH NAME
+fmt_uint0 \- write a zero-padded ASCII representation of an unsigned integer
+.SH SYNTAX
+.B #include <fmt.h>
+
+unsigned int \fBfmt_uint0\fP(char *\fIdest\fR, unsigned int \fIsource\fR, unsigned int \fIn\fR);
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+fmt_uint0 writes an ASCII representation ('0' to '9', base 10) of
+\fIsource\fR to \fIdest\fR and returns the number of bytes written.
+The output is padded with '0'-bytes until it encompasses at least
+\fIn\fR bytes, but it will not be truncated if it does not fit.
+
+fmt_uint0 does not append \\0.
+
+If \fIdest\fR equals FMT_LEN (i.e. is zero), fmt_uint0 returns the number
+of bytes it would have written.
+
+For convenience, fmt.h defines the integer FMT_ULONG to be big enough to
+contain every possible fmt_uint output plus \\0.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+scan_uint(3), fmt_uint(3)

fmt/fmt_ulong.3

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+.TH fmt_ulong 3
+.SH NAME
+fmt_ulong \- write an ASCII representation of an unsigned long integer
+.SH SYNTAX
+.B #include <fmt.h>
+
+unsigned int \fBfmt_ulong\fP(char *\fIdest\fR,unsigned long \fIsource\fR);
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+fmt_ulong writes an ASCII representation ('0' to '9', base 10) of
+\fIsource\fR to \fIdest\fR and returns the number of bytes written.
+
+fmt_ulong does not append \\0.
+
+If \fIdest\fR equals FMT_LEN (i.e. is zero), fmt_ulong returns the
+number of bytes it would have written.
+
+For convenience, fmt.h defines the integer FMT_ULONG to be big enough to
+contain every possible fmt_ulong output plus \\0.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+scan_ulong(3)

fmt/fmt_ulong.c

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#include "fmt.h"
+
+unsigned int fmt_ulong(char *dest,unsigned long i) {
+  register unsigned long len,tmp;
+  /* first count the number of bytes needed */
+  for (len=1, tmp=i; tmp>9; ++len) tmp/=10;
+  if (dest)
+    for (tmp=i, dest+=len; tmp; tmp/=10)
+      *--dest = (tmp%10)+'0';
+  return len;
+}

fmt/fmt_ulong0.3

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+.TH fmt_ulong0 3
+.SH NAME
+fmt_ulong0 \- write a zero-padded ASCII representation of an unsigned long integer
+.SH SYNTAX
+.B #include <fmt.h>
+
+unsigned int \fBfmt_uint0\fP(char *\fIdest\fR, unsigned long \fIsource\fR, unsigned int \fIn\fR);
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+fmt_ulong0 writes an ASCII representation ('0' to '9', base 10) of
+\fIsource\fR to \fIdest\fR and returns the number of bytes written.
+The output is padded with '0'-bytes until it encompasses at least
+\fIn\fR bytes, but it will not be truncated if it does not fit.
+
+fmt_ulong0 does not append \\0.
+
+If \fIdest\fR equals FMT_LEN (i.e. is zero), fmt_ulong0 returns the number
+of bytes it would have written.
+
+For convenience, fmt.h defines the integer FMT_ULONG to be big enough to
+contain every possible fmt_ulong output plus \\0.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+scan_ulong(3), fmt_ulong(3)

fmt/fmt_ulong0.c

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#include "fmt.h"
+
+unsigned int fmt_ulong0(char *dest,unsigned long i,unsigned int pad) {
+  register unsigned int len;
+  register unsigned long tmp;
+  /* first count the number of bytes needed */
+  for (len=1, tmp=i; tmp>9; ++len) tmp/=10;
+  /* now see if we need to pad */
+  if (dest) {
+    while (len<pad) { *dest='0'; ++dest; ++len; }
+    fmt_uint(dest,i);
+    return len;
+  } else
+    return (len<pad?pad:len);
+}

fmt/fmt_xlong.3

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+.TH fmt_xlong 3
+.SH NAME
+fmt_xlong \- write a hexadecimal ASCII representation of an unsigned long integer
+.SH SYNTAX
+.B #include <fmt.h>
+
+unsigned int \fBfmt_xlong\fP(char *\fIdest\fR,unsigned long \fIsource\fR);
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+fmt_xlong writes an ASCII representation ('0' to '9' and 'a' to 'f',
+base 16) of \fIsource\fR to \fIdest\fR and returns the number of bytes
+written.
+
+fmt_xlong does not append \\0.
+
+If \fIdest\fR equals FMT_LEN (i.e. is zero), fmt_xlong returns the
+number of bytes it would have written.
+
+For convenience, fmt.h defines the integer FMT_XLONG to be big enough to
+contain every possible fmt_xlong output plus \\0.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+scan_xlong(3)

fmt/fmt_xlong.c

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#include "fmt.h"
+
+static inline char tohex(char c) {
+  return c>10?c-10+'a':c+'0';
+}
+
+unsigned int fmt_xlong(char *dest,unsigned long i) {
+  register unsigned long len,tmp;
+  /* first count the number of bytes needed */
+  for (len=1, tmp=i; tmp>15; ++len) tmp>>=4;
+  if (dest)
+    for (tmp=i, dest+=len; tmp; tmp>>=4)
+      *--dest = tohex(tmp&15);
+  return len;
+}

ip6.h

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#ifndef IP6_H
+#define IP6_H
+
+extern unsigned int ip6_scan(const char *src,char *ip);
+extern unsigned int ip6_fmt(char *dest,const char *ip);
+
+extern unsigned int ip6_scan_flat(const char *src,char *);
+extern unsigned int ip6_fmt_flat(char *dest,const char *);
+
+/*
+ ip6 address syntax: (h = hex digit), no leading '0' required
+   1. hhhh:hhhh:hhhh:hhhh:hhhh:hhhh:hhhh:hhhh
+   2. any number of 0000 may be abbreviated as "::", but only once
+ flat ip6 address syntax:
+   hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh
+ */
+
+#define IP6_FMT 40
+
+static const unsigned char V4mappedprefix[12]={0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0xff,0xff};
+static const unsigned char V6loopback[16]={0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1};
+static const unsigned char V6any[16]={0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
+
+#define ip6_isv4mapped(ip) (byte_equal(ip,12,V4mappedprefix))
+
+static const char ip4loopback[4] = {127,0,0,1};
+
+#endif

ndelay.h

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#ifndef NDELAY_H
+#define NDELAY_H
+
+extern int ndelay_on(int);
+extern int ndelay_off(int);
+
+#endif

open.h

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#ifndef OPEN_H
+#define OPEN_H
+
+#include <sys/cdefs.h>
+
+/* open filename for reading and return the file handle or -1 on error */
+extern int open_read(const char *filename) __THROW;
+
+/* create filename for exclusive write only use (mode 0600) and return
+ * the file handle or -1 on error */
+extern int open_excl(const char *filename) __THROW;
+
+/* open filename for appending  write only use (mode 0600)
+ * and return the file handle or -1 on error.
+ * All write operation will append after the last byte, regardless of
+ * seeking or other processes also appending to the file.  The file will
+ * be created if it does not exist. */
+extern int open_append(const char *filename) __THROW;
+
+/* open filename for writing (mode 0644).  Create the file if it does
+ * not exist, truncate it to zero length otherwise.  Return the file
+ * handle or -1 on error. */
+extern int open_trunc(const char *filename) __THROW;
+
+/* open filename for writing.  Create the file if it does not exist.
+ * Return the file handle or -1 on error. */
+extern int open_write(const char *filename) __THROW;
+
+#endif

open/open_append.3

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+.TH open_append 3
+.SH NAME
+open_append \- open a file for appending
+.SH SYNTAX
+.B #include <open.h>
+
+extern int \fBopen_append\fP(const char *\fIfilename\fR);
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+open_append opens the file \fIfilename\fR for appending write-only use
+and returns the file handle.  If it does not exist, it will be created
+with mode 0600.  If there was an error opening or creating the file,
+open_append returns -1 and sets errno accordingly.
+
+All write operations will append after the last byte, regardless of
+previous calls to lseek(2) or other processes also appending to the
+same file.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+open(2)

open/open_append.c

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <sys/fcntl.h>
+#include "open.h"
+
+extern int open_append(const char *filename) {
+  return open(filename,O_WRONLY|O_NDELAY|O_APPEND|O_CREAT,0600);
+}

open/open_excl.3

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+.TH open_excl 3
+.SH NAME
+open_excl \- open a file for exclusive writing
+.SH SYNTAX
+.B #include <open.h>
+
+extern int \fBopen_excl\fP(const char *\fIfilename\fR);
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+open_excl opens the file \fIfilename\fR for writing and returns the file
+handle.  The file may not exist before the call to \fBopen_excl\fR.  The
+file will be created with mode 0600.
+
+If there was an error creating the file, open_excl returns -1
+and sets errno accordingly.
+
+Since open_excl relies on the O_EXCL flag to open, it does not work
+reliably over NFS (the NFS protocol is broken) and must be emulated
+using a lock file (create a file with a unique file name and link(2) it
+to the lock file.  Then stat the lock file and see if the link count is
+2).
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+open(2)

open/open_excl.c

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <sys/fcntl.h>
+#include "open.h"
+
+extern int open_excl(const char *filename) {
+  return open(filename,O_WRONLY|O_NDELAY|O_TRUNC|O_CREAT|O_EXCL,0600);
+}

open/open_read.3

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+.TH open_read 3
+.SH NAME
+open_read \- open a file for reading
+.SH SYNTAX
+.B #include <open.h>
+
+extern int \fBopen_read\fP(const char *\fIfilename\fR);
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+open_read opens the file \fIfilename\fR for reading and returns the file
+handle.  If there was an error opening the file, open_read returns -1
+and sets errno accordingly.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+open(2)

open/open_read.c

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <sys/fcntl.h>
+#include "open.h"
+
+extern int open_read(const char *filename) {
+  return open(filename,O_RDONLY|O_NDELAY);
+}

open/open_trunc.3

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+.TH open_trunc 3
+.SH NAME
+open_trunc \- open a file for writing
+.SH SYNTAX
+.B #include <open.h>
+
+extern int \fBopen_trunc\fP(const char *\fIfilename\fR);
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+open_trunc opens the file \fIfilename\fR for write-only use
+and returns the file handle.  If the file exists, it will be truncated
+to zero bytes length.  If it does not exist, it will be created
+with mode 0644.  If there was an error opening or creating the file,
+open_trunc returns -1 and sets errno accordingly.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+open(2)

open/open_trunc.c

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <sys/fcntl.h>
+#include "open.h"
+
+extern int open_trunc(const char *filename) {
+  return open(filename,O_WRONLY|O_NDELAY|O_TRUNC|O_CREAT,0644);
+}

open/open_write.3

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+.TH open_write 3
+.SH NAME
+open_write \- open a file for writing
+.SH SYNTAX
+.B #include <open.h>
+
+extern int \fBopen_write\fP(const char *\fIfilename\fR);
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+open_write opens the file \fIfilename\fR for write-only use and returns
+the file handle.  If the file does not exist, it will be created with
+mode 0644.  If there was an error opening or creating the file,
+open_write returns -1 and sets errno accordingly.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+open(2)

open/open_write.c

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <sys/fcntl.h>
+#include "open.h"
+
+extern int open_write(const char *filename) {
+  return open(filename,O_WRONLY|O_NDELAY);
+}

scan.h

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#ifndef SCAN_H
+#define SCAN_H
+
+#include <sys/cdefs.h>
+#ifndef __pure__
+#define __pure__
+#endif
+#ifndef __THROW
+#define __THROW
+#endif
+
+/* interpret src as ASCII decimal number, write number to dest and
+ * return the number of bytes that were parsed */
+extern unsigned int scan_ulong(const char *src,unsigned long *dest) __THROW;
+
+/* interpret src as ASCII hexadecimal number, write number to dest and
+ * return the number of bytes that were parsed */
+extern unsigned int scan_xlong(const char *src,unsigned long *dest) __THROW;
+
+/* interpret src as ASCII octal number, write number to dest and
+ * return the number of bytes that were parsed */
+extern unsigned int scan_8long(const char *src,unsigned long *dest) __THROW;
+
+/* interpret src as signed ASCII decimal number, write number to dest
+ * and return the number of bytes that were parsed */
+extern unsigned int scan_long(const char *src,signed long *dest) __THROW;
+
+extern unsigned int scan_uint(const char *src,unsigned int *dest) __THROW;
+extern unsigned int scan_xint(const char *src,unsigned int *dest) __THROW;
+extern unsigned int scan_8int(const char *src,unsigned int *dest) __THROW;
+extern unsigned int scan_int(const char *src,signed int *dest) __THROW;
+
+extern unsigned int scan_ushort(const char *src,unsigned short *dest) __THROW;
+extern unsigned int scan_xshort(const char *src,unsigned short *dest) __THROW;
+extern unsigned int scan_8short(const char *src,unsigned short *dest) __THROW;
+extern unsigned int scan_short(const char *src,signed short *dest) __THROW;
+
+/* interpret src as double precision floating point number,
+ * write number to dest and return the number of bytes that were parsed */
+extern unsigned int scan_double(const char *in, double *dest) __THROW;
+
+/* if *src=='-', set *dest to -1 and return 1.
+ * if *src=='+', set *dest to 1 and return 1.
+ * otherwise set *dest to 1 return 0. */
+extern unsigned int scan_plusminus(const char *src,signed int *dest) __THROW;
+
+/* return the highest integer n<=limit so that isspace(in[i]) for all 0<=i<=n */
+extern unsigned int scan_whitenskip(const char *in,unsigned int limit) __THROW __pure__;
+
+/* return the highest integer n<=limit so that !isspace(in[i]) for all 0<=i<=n */
+extern unsigned int scan_nonwhitenskip(const char *in,unsigned int limit) __THROW __pure__;
+
+/* return the highest integer n<=limit so that in[i] is element of
+ * charset (ASCIIZ string) for all 0<=i<=n */
+extern unsigned int scan_charsetnskip(const char *in,const char *charset,unsigned int limit) __THROW __pure__;
+
+/* return the highest integer n<=limit so that in[i] is not element of
+ * charset (ASCIIZ string) for all 0<=i<=n */
+extern unsigned int scan_noncharsetnskip(const char *in,const char *charset,unsigned int limit) __THROW __pure__;
+
+#endif

scan/scan_8int.c

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#include "scan.h"
+
+unsigned int scan_8int(const char* src,unsigned int* dest) {
+  unsigned long l;
+  register int len=scan_8long(src,&l);
+  *dest=l;
+  return len;
+}

scan/scan_8long.3

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+.TH scan_8long 3
+.SH NAME
+scan_8long \- parse an unsigned long integer in octal ASCII representation
+.SH SYNTAX
+.B #include <scan.h>
+
+int \fBscan_8long\fP(const char *\fIsrc\fR,unsigned long *\fIdest\fR);
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+scan_8long parses an unsigned long integer in octal ASCII representation
+from \fIsrc\fR and writes the result into \fIdest\fR. It returns the
+number of bytes read from \fIsrc\fR.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+scan_xlong(3)

scan/scan_8long.c

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#include "scan.h"
+
+unsigned int scan_8long(const char *src,unsigned long *dest) {
+  register const char *tmp=src;
+  register int l=0;
+  register unsigned char c;
+  while ((c=*tmp-'0')<8) {
+    l=l*8+c;
+    ++tmp;
+  }
+  *dest=l;
+  return tmp-src;
+}

scan/scan_8short.c

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#include "scan.h"
+
+unsigned int scan_8short(const char* src,unsigned short* dest) {
+  unsigned long l;
+  register int len=scan_8long(src,&l);
+  *dest=l;
+  return len;
+}

scan/scan_charsetnskip.3

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+.TH scan_charsetnskip 3
+.SH NAME
+scan_charsetnskip \- skip characters from set
+.SH SYNTAX
+.B #include <scan.h>
+
+int \fBscan_charsetnskip\fP(const char* \fIsrc\fR, const char* \fIcharset\fR, unsigned int* \fIlimit\fR);
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+scan_charsetnskip returns the length of the maximum prefix of \fIsrc\fR
+that consists solely of characters that occur in \fIcharset\fR (up to
+and not including the \\0).
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+scan_noncharsetnskip(3)

scan/scan_charsetnskip.c

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#include "scan.h"
+#include <ctype.h>
+
+unsigned int scan_charsetnskip(const char *s,const char *charset,unsigned int limit) {
+  register const char *t=s;
+  register const char *u=t+limit;
+  register const char* i;
+  while (t<u) {
+    for (i=charset; *i; ++i)
+      if (*i==*t) break;
+    if (*i!=*t) break;
+    ++t;
+  }
+  return t-s;
+}

scan/scan_double.3

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+.TH scan_double 3
+.SH NAME
+scan_double \- parse a floating point number in decimal ASCII representation
+.SH SYNTAX
+.B #include <scan.h>
+
+int \fBscan_double\fP(const char *\fIsrc\fR,double *\fIdest\fR);
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+scan_double parses a floating point number in decimal ASCII representation
+from \fIsrc\fR and writes the result into \fIdest\fR. It returns the
+number of bytes read from \fIsrc\fR.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+scan_xlong(3), scan_8long(3), fmt_ulong(3)

scan/scan_double.c

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+#include "scan.h"
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+static inline int isdigit(int c) { return (c>='0' && c<='9'); }
+#else
+#include <ctype.h>
+#endif
+
+unsigned int scan_double(const char *in, double *dest) {
+  double d=0;
+  register const char *c=in;
+  char neg=0;
+  switch (*c) {
+  case '-': neg=1;
+  case '+': c++; break;
+  default: break;
+  }
+  while (isdigit(*c)) {
+    d=d*10+(*c-'0');
+    ++c;
+  }
+  if (*c=='.') {
+    double factor=.1;
+    while (isdigit(*++c)) {
+      d=d+(factor*(*c-'0'));
+      factor/=10;
+    }
+  }
+  if ((*c|32)=='e') {
+    int exp=0;
+    char neg=0;
+    if (c[1]<'0') {
+      switch (*c) {
+      case '-': neg=1;
+      case '+': c++; break;
+      default:
+	d=0;
+	c=in;
+	goto done;
+      }
+    }
+    while (isdigit(*++c))
+      exp=exp*10+(*c-'0');
+    while (exp) {	/* XXX: this introduces rounding errors */
+      d*=10; --exp;
+    }
+  }
+done:
+  *dest=d;
+  return c-in;
+}

scan/scan_int.c

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#include "scan.h"
+